Name the way which helps the sand dune to stabilization.
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Shelter Belts have contributed significantly to the establishment of sand dunes.
What is strip cropping?
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Large fields divided into strips. Strips of grass are left to grow between the crops. This breaks up the force of the wind. This method is known as strip cropping.
Name the institution which is empowered by the government of India to acquire land?
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Urban Development Authorities
By which name is the bad land known in Chambal basin?
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Ravines
How much degraded land is present in India?
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130 million hectare
Give any two factors which determine the land use pattern of a nation.
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Topography and Population
From which Five Year Plan has India made concerted efforts for achieving the goals of resource planning?
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First Five Year Plan
Which type of soil is found in the river deltas of the Eastern Coast?
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Alluvial Soil
Who wrote the book ‘Small is Beautiful’?
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Schumacher
Write the two types of renewable resources.
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Continuous and Biological resources
Where was first international earth summit held?
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Rio de Janeiro in Brazil
In which state overgrazing is the main reason of land degradation in India?
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Gujarat
Which region of India is known as Basalt region?
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The Deccan trap region spread over northwest Deccan plateau.
Mention the reason due to which red soils looks red?
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These soils develop a reddish colour due to diffusion of iron in crystalline and metamorphic rocks.
Name the soils which are well known for their capacity to hold moisture.
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Black soils
Name any two nutrients which are found in black soils?
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Calcium carbonate and magnesium
Name the nutrient in which black soils is poor?
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Phosphoric contents
Name the soil which is suitable for the cropping of cashew nuts.
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Red Laterite Soil
Why are the lower horizons of the soil occupied by Kankar?
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Because of the increasing calcium contents downwards
Name the areas where terrace farming is practiced in India?
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Western and central Himalayas of India
Which type of soil develops due to high temperature and evaporation ?
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Arid Soil
How much percentage of forest area in the country according to the National Forest Policy.
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33%
Which one of the following soil is the best for cotton cultivation ?
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Black soil
What term is used to identify the old and new alluvial respectively ?
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Bangar & Khadar
Coal, iron ore, petroleum, diesel etc. are the examples of __________
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Non Renewable resources
What is resource planning? Give three phases of resource planning.
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Resource planning is proper and judicious planning of resources.
The phases of resource planning are:
• Identification and inventory of resources across various regions of the country. It involves surveying, mapping, qualitative and quantitative estimation and measurement of the resources.
• Evolving a planning structure, endowed with appropriate technological skill and institutional set up for implementing resource development plans.
• Matching the resource development with overall national development plans.
Define resources. How are resources classified?
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Anything which can be used to satisfy our needs is technologically accessible, economically feasible and culturally acceptable can be termed as ‘Resource’.
The resources can be classified into various categories:
• On the basis of origin – biotic and abiotic
• On the basis of exhaustibility – renewable and non-renewable
• On the basis of ownership – individual, community, national and international
• On the basis of status of development – potential, developed stock and reserves.
Describe any three steps that can be taken to solve the problem of land degradation?
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Three steps that can be taken to solve the problem of land degradation:
• Afforestation and proper management of grazing.
• Planting of shelter belts of plants and control on over grazing.
• Proper management of waste lands and control of mining activities.
Describe any three main characteristics of arid soil of India.
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Three characteristics of Arid soils in India are:
(i) These soils range from red to brown in colour.
(ii) These soils are generally sandy in texture and saline in nature.
(iii) The lower horizons of the soil are occupied by Kankar because of the increasing calcium content downwards.
Describe the type of resources classified on the basis of exhaustibility.
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The resources on the basis of exhaustibility are classified into two categories:
• Renewable Resources: The resources which can be renewed or reproduced by physical, chemical or mechanical processes are known as renewable or replenishable resources. For example, solar and wind energy, water, forests and wildlife, etc.
• Non-Renewable Resources: These resources take millions of years in their formation. Minerals and fossil fuels are examples of such resources. Some of the resources like metals are recyclable and some like fossil fuels cannot be recycled and get exhausted with their use.
Describe the steps to control soil erosion in hilly areas?
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The soil erosion in hilly areas can be controlled by:
• Contour ploughing: Ploughing along the contour lines can decelerate the flow of water down the slopes.
• Terrace cultivation: Steps can be cut out on the slopes making terraces which restricts erosion.
• Strip cropping: Large fields are divided into strips and strips of grass are left to grow between the crops.
Why is resource planning essential?
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It is essential to have resource planning because:
• Resources are limited in supply.
• Resources are unevenly distributed over the surface of the earth.
• Exploitation and over utilisation of resources must be checked.
What is soil? Analyse the factors which help in the formation of soil.
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The uppermost layer of earth is called soil. It is the most important renewable natural resource. It is the medium of plant growth and supports different types of living organisms on the earth.
The four main factors which help in the formation of soil are:
• Relief, parent rock or bed rock, climate, vegetation and other forms of life and time are important factors in the formation of soil.
• Various forces of nature such as change in temperature, actions of running water, wind and glaciers, activities of decomposers etc. contribute to the formation of soil.
• Chemical and organic changes which take place in the soil are equally important.
Explain the classification of resources on the basis of ownership.
OR
Provide a suitable classification for resources on the basis of ownership. Mention main features of such resources.
Answer :
Classification of resources on the basis of ownership:
• Individual Resources: Resources which are owned privately by individuals such as plots, houses, plantation, pasture lands, ponds etc.
• Community Owned Resources: Resources which are accessible to all the members of the community such as grazing grounds, burial grounds, village ponds etc.
• National Resources: All the resources within the political boundaries and oceanic area upto 12 nautical miles (22.2 km) from the coast termed as territorial water and resources therein belong to the nation.
• International Resources: The oceanic resources beyond 200 nautical miles of the Exclusive Economic Zone belong to open ocean and no individual country can utilise these without the concurrence of international institutions.
What do you understand by a ‘Resource’? Give examples. (2015)
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Everything available in our environment which can be used to satisfy our needs, is called a resource. It should be technologically accessible, economically feasible and culturally acceptable. Only then, it can be termed as a ‘Resource’. Examples are: minerals, forests, fossil fuels etc..
|
1 |
Resources |
A |
Resources are obtained from biosphere and have life such as human beings, flora and fauna, fisheries, livestock etc. |
|
2 |
Biotic |
B |
All those things which are composed of non-living things |
|
3 |
Abiotic |
C |
are a function of human activities. |
|
4 |
The resources which can be renewed or reproduced by physical, chemical or mechanical processes |
D |
renewable |
Answer :
1-C, 2-A, 3-B, 4-D
|
1 |
renewable |
A |
resources which are accessible to all the members of the community. |
|
2 |
non-renewable |
B |
Solar energy |
|
3 |
Community Owned Resources |
C |
The first International Earth Summit |
|
4 |
Rio de Janeiro |
D |
Minerals and fossil fuels |
Answer :
1-B, 2-D, 3-A, 4-C
|
1 |
3.28 million sq km |
A |
red to brown in colour. |
|
2 |
alluvial soil |
B |
Total geographical area of India |
|
3 |
Regur soil |
C |
The entire northern plains are made of |
|
4 |
Arid soils |
D |
Black soil |
Answer :
1-B, 2-C, 3-D, 4-A
|
1 |
Alluvial soils |
A |
potash, phosphoric acid and lime. |
|
2 |
Black soil |
B |
sandy in texture and saline in nature |
|
3 |
Arid soils |
C |
poor in phosphoric contents |
Answer :
1-A, 2-C, 3-B
|
1 |
Alluvial |
A |
Eastern and southern part of the deccan plateau, Orissa, Chattisgarh |
|
2 |
Black (Regur soil) |
B |
Gujarat, Punjab, Haryana, UP, Bihar, Jharkhand etc. |
|
3 |
Red |
C |
Deccan plateau- Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh,Tamil Nadu |
Answer :
1-B, 2-C, 3-A
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