GSEB std 10 science solution for Gujarati check Subject Chapters Wise::
જવાબ : Four times the Belgium Constitution was amended
જવાબ : Belgium gained independence in 1830
જવાબ : French-speaking population are minority community in Belgium.
જવાબ : When power is shared among governments at different levels, i.e., the Union or the Central Government, the State Government and the Municipality and Panchayat at the lower level. This division of power involving higher and lower levels of government is called the vertical division of power.
જવાબ : Ethnic means a social division based on shared culture and common descent. People belonging to an ethnic group need not have the same religion or nationality.
જવાબ : Sri Lanka emerged as an independent country in 1948 and the democratically elected government adopted a series of measures to establish Sinhala supremacy.
જવાબ : The horizontal distribution of power ensures that power is shared among different organs of government—the legislature, executive and judiciary. It allows different organs of government placed at the same level to exercise different powers. The horizontal distribution of power is also called a system of checks and balances. This system ensures that none of these organs can exercise unlimited power. Each organ checks the other.
જવાબ : People residing in Wallonia region of Belgium speak French.
જવાબ :
- In 1956, an Act was passed to make Sinhala the official language.
- The government followed preferential policies favouring Sinhala applicants for University positions and government jobs.
જવાબ : Majoritarianism is rule by majority community by disregarding the needs and wishes of the minority community.
જવાબ : Community government
જવાબ : Sinhala
જવાબ : • Prudential reason for power sharing: Power sharing reduces social conflicts among social groups with different interests and aspirations. Social conflicts lead to violence and instability. Power sharing ensures the stability of political order. • Moral reason for power sharing: Power sharing is the very spirit and essence of democracy. Democracy involves sharing power with those affected by its exercise, and who have to live with its effects. People have the right to be consulted on how they are to be governed.
જવાબ : • In Belgium, communities have equal share in the government while in Sri Lanka leaders of the Sinhala community sought to secure dominance over government by virtue of their majority. • In Belgium, there is provision of special government called ‘Community government’ to look after cultural, educational and language-related issues while In Sri Lanka, none of the major political parties led by the Buddhist Sinhala leaders was sensitive to language and culture of Tamils. • In Belgium, there is no discrimination between various religions while In Sri Lanka, Buddhism is the official religion of the country.
જવાબ : Three forms of power sharing with examples: • Power is shared among different organs of government, such as the legislature, executive and judiciary. • Power can be shared among governments at different levels – a general government for the entire country and governments at the provincial or regional level. • Power may also be shared among different social groups such as the religious and linguistic groups. ‘Community government’ in Belgium is a good example of this arrangement.
જવાબ : Power sharing is the very spirit of democracy: • A democratic rule involves sharing power with those affected by its exercise, and who have to live with its effects. • People have a right to be consulted on how they are to be governed. A legitimate government is one where citizens, through participation, acquire a stake in the system. • It helps to reduce the possibility of conflict between social groups.
જવાબ : The ‘community government’ is elected by people belonging to one language community – Dutch, French and German-speaking – no matter where they live.
જવાબ : Horizontal distribution of power sharing is called system of ‘Checks and Balances’.
જવાબ : The minority French-speaking community was rich in Belgium.
જવાબ : The division of powers between higher and lower levels of government is called vertical division of power.
જવાબ : Majoritarian measure was adopted by the democratically elected government to establish Sinhala supremacy.
જવાબ : Buddhism is the state religion of Sri Lanka.
જવાબ : a). In Silence there are two communities’ sinhala and Tamil
b). Among Tamils the Tamil natives who are called, Srilankan Tamils and the Indian Tamils whose forefathers come from India as plantation workers during the colonial period.
c). Most of the Sinhalas are Buddhist and Tamils are Hindus or Muslims.
So in Srilanka the problem was who is going to hold power and enjoy the economic benefits.
જવાબ : Problems of ethnic composition-
a). 50% Dutch speaking, 40% French speaking, 1% German speaking
b). But in its capital- 80% French speaking, 20% Dutch speaking
c). French community was rich and powerful
જવાબ : It was elected by the people belonging to language community – Dutch French and German speaking no metter where they live. It deals with cultural, educational and language related issues.
જવાબ : People belonging to one language community-Dutch, French and German
જવાબ : Power sharing among Legislature, Executive and Judiciary.
જવાબ : French and Dutch
જવાબ : Horizontal distribution of power
જવાબ : It refers to a social division based on shared culture.
જવાબ : 80% French 20% Dutch
જવાબ : Four times
જવાબ : Both B and C are true
જવાબ : Sinhala
જવાબ : French
જવાબ : A belief that the majority community should be able to rule a country in whatever way it wants, by disregarding the wishes and needs of the minorities.
જવાબ : In 1956, an act was passed to recognize Sinhala as the official language.
જવાબ : India is a multinational society and India is a democratic country.
જવાબ : Sri Lanka
જવાબ : Prudential reasons stress that power sharing will bring out better outcome or results; where as moral reasons emphasize the very act of power sharing as valuable.
જવાબ : Sri Lankan Tamils and Indian Origin Tamils.
જવાબ : Under this system, one organ of the government keeps the check over other. None of the organs can exercise unlimited power.
જવાબ : Religion and Language
જવાબ : Sinhalese Buddhist formed majority.
જવાબ : The Dutch formed majority
જવાબ : 4 february, 1948
જવાબ : 59% people speak Dutch, 40% people speak French and 1% people speak German.
જવાબ : In modern democracies power is shared among different organs of government, among government at different levels and among various political parties, pressure groups etc.
જવાબ : Power shared at different levels of government
જવાબ : French minority community
જવાબ : Vertical division of power: It is the sharing of power among governments at various levels an overall government for the whole nation and governments at the commonplace or local level. In India. the constitution unmistakably sets out the powers of various degrees of governments i.e., the Central or Union government and the different state governments. There are sure subjects on which the Union government alone can make laws though there are others on which the State governments alone can make laws.
જવાબ : • The ethnic structure of Belgium is perplexing. Of the nation's absolute populace, 59 percent lives in the Flemish district and communicates in Dutch language.
• Another 40% individuals live in the Wallonia area and communicate in French. • Remaining one percent of the Belgians communicate in German. • In the capital city of Brussels, 80% individuals communicate in French while 20% are Dutch talking.જવાબ : In Belgium during the 1950s and 1960s, the minority French-talking network was moderately rich and powerful. Along these lines, the Dutch-talking network who got the advantage of financial turn of events and training a lot later detested this. Accordingly, strains developed between the two networks. The pressure between these two networks was more intense in Brussels in light of the fact that the Dutch-talking individuals established larger part in the nation, yet minority in the capital.
જવાબ : Sri Lanka is an island country. It has around two crore populace which is so differing.
• The significant social gatherings are the Sinhala-speakers (74%) and the Tamil-speakers (18%). • Among Tamils, there are two sub-gatherings. Tamil locals of the nation are called Sri Lankan Tamil (13%). The rest are called Indian Tamils. Their ancestors originated from India as estate laborers during pilgrim period. • Most of the Sinhala-talking individuals are Buddhists, while the greater part of the Tamils are Hindus or Muslims. There are about 7% Christians, who are both Tamil and Sinhala.જવાબ : (I) The administrations in Sri Lanka followed special arrangements that supported Sinhala candidates for college positions and government occupations. Another constitution specified that the state will secure and encourage Buddhism.
(ii) The Sri Lankan Tamils got frustrated because of these approaches. They felt that none of the major ideological groups drove by the Buddhist Sinhala pioneers was delicate to their language and culture. (iii) They felt that the constitution and government strategies denied them equivalent political rights, oppressed them in landing positions and overlooked their inclinations. Because of the above reasons, the relations between the Sinhala and Tamil people group stressed after some time.જવાબ : The Sri Lankan Tamils were tired of the particular approaches of the legislatures. They needed the legislatures to hear them out and quit subverting their inclinations. When nothing happened this way, they dispatched gatherings and battles. Their requests included-
• Recognition of Tamil as an official language. • Recognition for local self-governance and balance or opportunity in making sure about instruction and occupations. • An autonomous Tamil Eelam (state) in northern and eastern pieces of Sri Lanka.જવાબ : Both Belgium and Sri Lanka are vote based systems. However, they managed the subject of power sharing in an unexpected way
(a) In Belgium, the pioneers understood that the solidarity of the nation was conceivable simply by regarding the emotions and interests of various networks and locales. Such an acknowledgment brought about commonly satisfactory plans for sharing power. These courses of action were made on the standard of convenience. Thus, it functioned admirably and assisted with keeping away from metro hardship between the two significant networks. (b) The tale of Sri Lanka is very unique. It embraced the standard of majoritarianism where significance was given to the larger part network. It denied the Sri Lankan Tamils equivalent political rights and supported the Sinhala people group. By doing this, Sri Lanka subverted the solidarity of the nation. It would not share power by permitting a greater part network to compel its strength over others.જવાબ : Both Belgium and Sri Lanka are majority rule governments. However, they managed the subject of power sharing in an unexpected way
(a) In Belgium, the pioneers understood that the solidarity of the nation was conceivable simply by regarding the sentiments and interests of various networks and districts. Such an acknowledgment brought about commonly adequate plans for sharing power. These plans were made on the guideline of convenience. Thus, it functioned admirably and assisted with dodging metro difficulty between the two significant networks. (b) The account of Sri Lanka is very extraordinary. It received the guideline of majoritarianism wherein significance was given to the larger part network. It denied the Sri Lankan Tamils equivalent political rights and supported the Sinhala people group. By doing this, Sri Lanka sabotaged the solidarity of the nation. It wouldn't share power by permitting a greater part network to compel its strength over others.જવાબ : India is a government nation. The constitution initially accommodated a two-level arrangement of government the Central or Union government, speaking to the Union of India and the State governments. Afterward, a third level of federalism was included the type of Panchayats and Municipalities. The Constitution of India unmistakably sets out the powers of various degrees of government.
There are sure issues on which the Union government alone can make laws. There are others on which the State governments alone can make laws. There are a few subjects of regular interests to both the Union government just as the State governments. These issues are dealt with by both the Union government just as the State governments in their own particular manners. A similar standard is reached out to the degree of region and panchayat.જવાબ : A people group government is an administration where distinctive social gatherings are approved to deal with the issues of their networks. They share government and frequently have a typical social and verifiable legacy. They cooperate for the government assistance of the normal masses without disregarding the interests of any network. The people group government in Belgium is chosen by individuals having a place with one language network – Dutch, French and German-talking – regardless of where they live. This legislature has the power with respect to social, instructive and language related issues.
જવાબ : The Belgian chiefs perceived the presence of territorial contrasts and social varieties. Somewhere in the range of 1970 and 1993, they altered their constitution multiple times to work out a game plan that would empower everybody to live respectively inside a similar nation. This came to be known as the Belgian model of power sharing. The primary components of this model are-
(I) The Belgian constitution endorses that the quantity of Dutch and French-talking priest will be equivalent in the focal government. Some unique laws need the help of lion's share of individuals from each semantic gathering. In this way, no single network can settle on choices singularly. (ii) Many powers of the Central government have been given to State administrations of the two locales of the nation. The State governments are not subordinate to the Central government. (iii) The capital city of Belgium i.e., Brussels has a different government where both the networks have equivalent portrayal. The French-talking individuals acknowledged equivalent portrayal in Brussels in light of the fact that the Dutch-talking network has acknowledged equivalent portrayal in the Central government. (iv) There is additionally a third sort of government in Belgium known as Community government. This administration is chosen by individuals having a place with one language network – Dutch, French and German talking – regardless of where they live. This administration has the power with respect to social, instructive and language related issues.જવાબ : Various types of power sharing in current majority rules systems are
(I) Horizontal dispersion of power: The division of government into the council, leader and legal executive is a case of flat conveyance of power. In this power sharing course of action, the various organs of government are put at similar level to practice various powers. Such a division guarantees that none of the organs can practice boundless power. Every organ checks the others. This outcomes in an overall influence among different organizations. In a majority rules system, despite the fact that pastors and government authorities practice power, they are mindful to the Parliament or State Assemblies. Similarly, in spite of the fact that judges are delegated by the leader, they can put a keep an eye on the working of chief. This plan depends on balanced governance. (ii) Vertical division of power: ¡fis the sharing of power among governments at various levels an overall government for the whole nation and governments at the common or local level. In India. the constitution unmistakably sets out the powers of various degrees of governments i.e., the Central or Union government and the different state governments. There are sure subjects on which the Union government alone can make laws though there are others on which the State governments alone can make laws. (iii) Power sharing among various social gatherings: This kind of game plan is intended to give space in the legislature and organization to assorted social gatherings who in any case would feel distanced from the administration. This strategy is utilized to give minority networks a decent amount in power. A genuine case of this game plan is the 'Network government' in Belgium. This legislature is chosen by individuals having a place with one language network, for example, Dutch, French and German-talking and appreciates power to settle on choices on social, instructive and language-related issues. (iv) Power sharing between ideological groups, pressure gatherings and developments: In a popular government, residents have the opportunity to pick among different competitors for power. In contemporary majority rules systems, this appears as rivalry among changed gatherings. Such rivalry guarantees that power doesn't stay in one hand. Rather it is shared among various ideological groups that speak to various belief systems and social gatherings. Weight gatherings and developments likewise have an offer in administrative power. They can either partake in administrative panels or can impact the decisioninaking cycle.જવાબ : The Belgian chiefs perceived the presence of territorial contrasts and social varieties. Somewhere in the range of 1970 and 1993, they altered their constitution multiple times in order to work out a game plan that would empower everybody to live respectively inside a similar nation. This came to be known as the Belgian model of power sharing. The principle components of this model are-
(I) The Belgian constitution endorses that the quantity of Dutch and French-talking priest will be equivalent in the focal government. Some exceptional laws need the help of dominant part of individuals from each etymological gathering. Consequently, no single network can settle on choices singularly. (ii) Many powers of the Central government have been given to State legislatures of the two areas of the nation. The State governments are not subordinate to the Central government. (iii) The capital city of Belgium i.e., Brussels has a different government where both the networks have equivalent portrayal. The French-talking individuals acknowledged equivalent portrayal in Brussels on the grounds that the Dutch-talking network has acknowledged equivalent portrayal in the Central government. (iv) There is additionally a third sort of government in Belgium known as Community government. This administration is chosen by individuals having a place with one language network – Dutch, French and German¬speaking – regardless of where they live. This legislature has the power with respect to social, instructive and language-related issues.જવાબ : (I) Horizontal circulation of power: The division of government into the assembly, chief and legal executive is a case of flat conveyance of power. In this power sharing game plan, the various organs of government are set at similar level to practice various powers. Such a detachment guarantees that none of the organs can practice boundless power. Every organ checks the others.
This outcomes in an overall influence among different organizations. In a majority rules system, despite the fact that priests and government authorities practice power, they are mindful to the Parliament or State Assemblies. Similarly, despite the fact that judges are named by the chief, they can put a beware of the working of leader. This game plan depends on governing rules. (ii) Vertical division of power: ¡fis the sharing of power among governments at various levels an overall government for the whole nation and governments at the common or territorial level. In India. the constitution plainly sets out the powers of various degrees of governments i.e., the Central or Union government and the different state governments. There are sure subjects on which the Union government alone can make laws while there are others on which the State governments alone can make laws. (iii) Power sharing among various social gatherings: This kind of course of action is intended to give space in the legislature and organization to assorted social gatherings who in any case would feel distanced from the administration. This technique is utilized to give minority networks a decent amount in power. A genuine case of this plan is the 'Network government' in Belgium. This legislature is chosen by individuals having a place with one language network, for example, Dutch, French and German-talking and appreciates power to settle on choices on social, instructive and language-related issues. (iv) Power sharing between ideological groups, pressure gatherings and developments: In a vote based system, residents have the opportunity to pick among different competitors for power. In contemporary vote based systems, this appears as rivalry among changed gatherings. Such rivalry guarantees that power doesn't stay in one hand. Rather it is shared among various ideological groups that speak to various belief systems and social gatherings. Weight gatherings and developments likewise have an offer in legislative power. They can either partake in legislative boards of trustees or can impact the decisioninaking cycle.જવાબ : • In a decent just government, due regard is given to assorted gatherings and perspectives that exist in a general public.
• Everyone has a voice in the molding of public approaches. • People are the wellspring of all political power. They rule themselves through establishments of self-government. • Everyone feels his/her value and stretches out help to the administration.જવાબ : (I) Power sharing assists with diminishing clash between various social gatherings. It is a decent method to guarantee the steadiness of political request.
(ii) Imposing the desire of larger part network over others demonstrates shocking. Oppression of the lion's share isn't only harsh for the minority, it frequently carries ruin to the dominant part too. (iii) A popularity based guideline includes sharing power with those influenced by its activity, and who need to live with its belongings. Individuals reserve an option to be counseled on how they are to be administered.જવાબ : For quite a while it was accepted that all power of an administration must dwell in one individual or gathering of people situated at one spot. It was felt that if the power to choose is scattered, it would not be conceivable to take fast choices and to implement them. In any case, these thoughts have changed with the development of majority rules system. In a vote based system, individuals rule themselves through foundations of self-government. Everybody has a voice in the forming of public arrangements.
જવાબ : In certain nations, there are established and legitimate plans whereby socially more fragile segments and ladies are spoken to in governing bodies and organization.
(a) In India, seats are saved for individuals having a place with Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) in Parliament and State governing bodies. The arrangement of reservation has been stretched out to other more fragile segments at the area and neighborhood levels. 33% of the seats are saved in provincial and metropolitan nearby bodies for ladies up-and-comers. Indeed, even in government occupations, seats have been held for these classes. This sort of course of action has been made so as to bring socially more fragile segments and ladies of the nation in the standard by empowering them. (b) In Belgium, aside from the focal and the state government, there is a third sort of government, known as network government. This legislature gives equivalent portrayal to both the networks i.e., Dutch and French-talking individuals.જવાબ : The Constitution and government arrangements in Sri Lanka supported the Sinhala people group and denied the Sri Lankan Tamils equivalent political rights, victimized them in landing positions and different chances and overlooked their inclinations. Accordingly, the relations between the Sinhala and Tamil people group stressed after some time. The Sri Lankan Tamils dispatched gatherings and battles for the acknowledgment of Tamil as an official language, for provincial self-rule and uniformity of chance in making sure about training and occupations.
In any case, their requests were more than once denied. This infuriated them and made doubt between the two networks. Subsequently, inescapable clash occurred which before long transformed into a common war. A great many individuals of both the networks were executed. Numerous families had to leave the nation as displaced people and a lot more lost their jobs. The war made an awful misfortune the social, social and financial existence of the nation.જવાબ : (I) Sri Lanka got autonomous in 1948. The heads of the Sinhala people group looked to make sure about strength over government by temperance of their larger part. Subsequently, the equitably chosen government embraced a progression of majoritarian measures to build up Sinhala matchless quality.
(ii) The legislature passed an Act in 1956 to perceive Sinhala as the main authority language, in this manner dismissing Tamil. (iii) The administrations followed special approaches that supported Sinhala candidates for college position and government occupations. (iv) another constitution specified that the state will secure and encourage Buddhism. Every one of these measures coming consistently, steadily expanded the sentiments of estrangement among the Sri Lankan Tamils. They felt that none of the major ideological groups drove by the Buddhist Sinhala pioneers was delicate to their language and culture. Thus, they dispatched gatherings and battles for the acknowledgment of Tamil as an official language, for provincial self-governance and equity of chance. Yet, their requests were more than once denied. The doubt between the two networks transformed into broad clash. It before long transformed into a common battle because of which a great many individuals of both the networks were murdered.There are No Content Availble For this Chapter
|
1 |
Brussels is the capital of |
A |
Dutch and French |
|
2 |
languages are generally spoken in Belgium |
B |
State |
|
3 |
Eelam |
C |
Belgium |
જવાબ :
1-C, 2-A, 3-B
|
1 |
People belonging to one language community |
A |
check on the exercise of unlimited powers of the organs of government by maintaining a balance of power among various institutions |
|
2 |
Power sharing is |
B |
elects the community government in Belgium |
|
3 |
‘checks and balances’ |
C |
the very spirit of democracy |
જવાબ :
1-B, 2-C, 3-A
જવાબ :
1-A, 2-C, 3-B
|
1 |
state religion of Sri Lanka |
A |
French |
|
2 |
vertical division of power |
B |
Buddhism |
|
3 |
was rich in Belgium |
C |
The division of powers between higher and lower levels of government The division of powers between higher and lower levels of government |
જવાબ :
1-B, 2-C, 3-A
|
1 |
community that is relatively rich and powerful in Belgium |
A |
a social division based on shared culture |
|
2 |
Horizontal distribution of power |
B |
horizontal sharing of power |
|
3 |
Ethnic |
C |
type of power sharing is called checks and balances |
|
4 |
Power sharing among Legislature, Executive and Judiciary |
D |
French minority community |
જવાબ :
1-D, 2-C, 3-A, 4-B
|
1 |
Belgium gain independence |
A |
rule by majority community by disregarding the needs and wishes of the minority community |
|
2 |
community that is relatively rich and powerful in Belgium |
B |
1948 |
|
3 |
Sri Lanka emerged as an independent country |
C |
French minority community |
|
4 |
Majoritarianism |
D |
1830 |
જવાબ :
1-D, 2-C, 3-B, 4-A
|
1 |
Horizontal distribution of power |
A |
Buddhist |
|
2 |
Negation of the very spirit of democracy |
B |
type of power sharing is called checks and balances |
|
3 |
not one of the three organs of government powers are shared |
C |
led to non-sharing of power |
|
4 |
Sinhala speaking people |
D |
Bureaucracy |
જવાબ :
1-B, 2-C, 3-D, 4-A
|
1 |
Sinhalese Buddhist |
A |
federal division of power |
|
2 |
The Dutch |
B |
formed majority in terms of population in Sri Lanka |
|
3 |
1948 |
C |
formed majority in terms of population in Belgium |
|
4 |
Power shared at different levels of government |
D |
Sri Lanka emerged as an independent country |
જવાબ :
1-B, 2-C, 3-D, 4-A
|
1 |
community rich and powerful in Belgium |
A |
subgroup of Tamils in Sri Lanka |
|
2 |
country which has lost peace due to Majoritarianism |
B |
French |
|
3 |
Indian Origin Tamils |
C |
base of the social divisions in Sri Lanka |
|
4 |
Language |
D |
Sri Lanka |
જવાબ :
1-B, 2-D, 3-A, 4-C
|
1 |
French in the capital city of Brussels |
A |
20% |
|
2 |
Dutch in the capital city of Brussels |
B |
4 |
|
3 |
No. of times leaders of Belgium amended their constitution |
C |
80% |
|
4 |
official language of Sri Lanka |
D |
Sinhala |
જવાબ :
1-C, 2-A, 3-B, 4-D
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Power Sharing
Political Science
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