CBSE Solutions for Class 10 English

જવાબ : Coal is the most abundantly available fossil fuel in India.

જવાબ : Odisha is the largest producer of Bauxite in India.

જવાબ : We can save the energy by the following ways.

•  Switching off the electrical appliances when not in use
•  Use of energy efficient devices like CFC bulbs and appliances
•  Car pooling or use of public transport instead of private vehicles
• Use of alternate sources of energy (non-conventional/renewable sources)

જવાબ : Mining activity is injurious to the health of miners due to the following reasons.

•  Inhalation of poisonous gases and dust make them vulnerable to pulmonary diseases.
• The risk of collapse of mine roofs may risk the life of miners.
• Inundation and fires in coalmines are a constant threat to the miners.

•  It results in contamination of water.
•  Dumping of waste and slurry leads to degradation of land and soil.
•  It results in air and water pollution.

જવાબ : In igneous and metamorphic rocks, minerals may occur in cracks, cervices, faults or joints. The smaller occurrences are called veins while the larger are called lodes.

જવાબ : Limestone consists of single mineral.

જવાબ : Minerals in sedimentary rocks occur in beds or layers. They are accumulated and concentrated in horizontal strata, for example coal.

જવાબ : Biogas is produced from shrubs, farm waste, animal and human waste mainly for domestic consumption in rural areas. It can solve the energy problem in rural India in the following ways.

•  Decomposition of organic matter yields gas, which has higher thermal . efficiency than kerosene, dung cake and charcoal.
• It provides the farmers with energy and improved quality of manure.
•  It prevents the loss of trees and manure due to burning of fuel coal and cowdung cakes.

જવાબ : Three features of ferrous minerals are as follows.

• Ferrous minerals account for about three-fourths of the total value of the production of metallic minerals.
• They provide the base for the development of metallurgical industries.
• India is rich in ferrous minerals and exports substantial quantities after meeting the local demands.

જવાબ : Solar energy can solve the energy problem in India to some extent in the following ways:

•  India is a tropical country and it has enormous possibilities of tapping solar energy.
• It is the cleanest form of energy available free of cost.
•  It minimises dependence of rural households on firewood and dung cakes.

જવાબ : The given statement can be justified by the following arguments.

• Increased consumption of energy resources has increased our dependence on fossil fuels like coal, oil and gas.
•  There are uncertainties about the energy supplies in future because of their potential shortages.
•  Use of non-renewable sources have serious consequences on the growth of national economy as they are getting expensive day by day.
•  Above all, non-renewable sources pose a great threat in the form of pollution and other environmental issues.
• Solar, wind, tide, biomass and energy from waste material can thus, be proved advantageous in long run.

જવાબ : The following are the measures to solve this burning problem.

•  We should use public transport instead of personal vehicles as much as possible.
•  We should switch off electricity when not in use.
•  We should switch to power-saving devices.
•  We should keep our power equipment well maintained.
• Above all, use of non-conventional sources of energy would be of great help in overcoming the problem.

જવાબ : Mining produces dust and noxious fumes, which are inhaled by the miners. It
makes them vulnerable to pulmonary diseases.

જવાબ : From Kudremukh mines to a port near Mangalore, the iron ore is transported as slurry through a pipeline.

જવાબ : Aluminium metal has great importance because it combines the strength of metals
such as iron, with extreme lightness and also with good conductivity and great malleability. It can be used as a substitute for steel.

જવાબ : Gobar gas plants are beneficial to the farmers because they provide energy and
improved quality of manure.

જવાબ : The use of cattle cake as fuel should be discouraged because huge loss of trees
will be there when we burn cattle cake and use it as source of fuel. It must be consumed in biogas plants for its effective usage.

જવાબ : In sedimentary rocks, minerals occur in beds or layers. They are deposited in
horizontal stratas.

જવાબ : In igneous and metamorphic rocks minerals occur in the cracks, crevices, faults
or joints. The smaller occurrences are called veins and the larger ones are called lodes.

જવાબ :
Answer:
A wide range of colours, hardness, crystal forms, lusture and density is found in minerals because a particular mineral is formed from a certain combination of elements and depends upon the physical and chemical conditions under which the material forms.

જવાબ : Geologist

જવાબ : Limestone

જવાબ : Mica

જવાબ : Natural gas

જવાબ : Copper

જવાબ : Orissa

જવાબ : Madhya Pradesh

જવાબ : Karnataka

જવાબ : Madhapur

જવાબ : Assam

જવાબ : Coal

જવાબ : Tamil Nadu

જવાબ : Oil field

જવાબ : Thorium

જવાબ : Karnataka

જવાબ : Sedimentary rocks

જવાબ : Copper

જવાબ : Tamil Nadu

જવાબ : Madhapur

જવાબ : Gujarat

જવાબ : Damodar valley

જવાબ : Peninsular Plateau

જવાબ : Magnetite

જવાબ : Orissa

જવાબ : Cement

જવાબ : Lignite

જવાબ : Mumbai High

જવાબ : Ferrous minerals

જવાબ : Japan

જવાબ : Wind

જવાબ : The use of petroleum as a source of energy:

1. It is used as a fuel for internal combustion engines in automobiles.
2. It is used as a fuel for railways and aircrafts.
3. It provides fuel for heat and lighting.

1. It is used as lubricant for machinery.
2. It is used as raw material for a number of manufacturing industries, for example, chemical industry.

જવાબ : Energy sources can be classified as conventional and non-conventional sources.

જવાબ :

1. We need to develop a sustainable path of energy development, i.e., increased use of renewable or non-conventional energy resources.
2. We have to adopt a cautious approach for the judicious use of our limited energy resources.
3. As concerned citizens we can do our bit by using public transport systems instead of individual vehicles, switching off electricity when not in use, using power saving devices etc.

જવાબ : Manganese is mainly used in the manufacturing of the following items:

1. Steel (nearly 10 kg of manganese is required to manufacture 1 tonne of steel).
2. Ferro-manganese alloy
3. Bleaching powder
4. Insecticides and paints

જવાબ : Energy is needed to cook, to provide light and heat, to propel vehicles and to drive machinery in industries. Energy is a basic requirement for economic development. Every sector of the national economy—agriculture, industry and transport—commercial and domestic needs inputs of energy.
Energy can be generated from fuel minerals like coal, petroleum, natural gas, uranium and from electricity. Conventional sources like firewood and cattledung cakes are most commonly used in rural India to generate energy.

જવાબ : Three values that can help to prevent Environmental Degradation:

1. We must ensure sustainable and equitable use of resources without degrading the environment or risking health or safety.
2. We must raise awareness and consciousness among people about the importance of judicious use of resources to prevent degradation of land, water, vegetation and air.
3. The following measures must be adopted to prevent environmental degradation:
   • Minimising use of water for processing by reusing and recycling it.
   • Smoke can be reduced by using oil or gas instead of coal in factories.

જવાબ : The most abundantly available fossil fuel is Coal.
There are four types of coal:

1. Anthracite. It is the highest quality hard coal. It contains more than 80% carbon content. It gives less smoke.
2. Bituminous. It is the most popular coal in commercial use and has 60-80% carbon content. Metallurgical coal is high grade bituminous coal and is of special value for smelting iron in blast furnaces.
3. Lignite. It is a low grade brown coal. It is soft with high moisture content.

જવાબ : Adverse effect on health: The dust and noxious fumes inhaled by miners make them vulnerable to pulmonary diseases.
The risk of collapsing mine roofs, inundation and fires in coal mines are a constant threat to miners.
Adverse effects on the environment:

જવાબ : Energy is required for all activities. It is needed to cook, to provide light and heat, to propel vehicles and to drive machinery in industries.

1. Energy is the basic requirement for economic development.
2. Every sector of national economy — agriculture, industry, transport and commerce needs greater inputs of energy.
3. In the domestic sector also, energy demands, in the form of electricity, are growing because of increasing use of electrical gadgets and appliances.

1. Using more of public transport system instead of individual vehicles.
2. Switching off electrical devices when not in use.
3. Using power saving devices.
4. Using non-conventional sources of energy such as solar energy, wind energy etc.
5. Getting the power equipment regularly checked to detect damages and leakages.

જવાબ : Reasons:

1. India is a tropical country and gets abundant sunshine.
2. It has enormous possibilities of tapping solar energy.
3. It is an inexhaustible source of energy which is freely available in nature.
4. It is a cheaper source of energy and is fast becoming popular in rural and remote areas.
5. Photovaltic technology is available which converts sunlight directly into electricity.
6. Because of its abundant and free availability in all parts of India in addition to its ecofriendly nature, solar energy is called the energy of future.

જવાબ : Every sector of the national economy—agriculture, industry, transport, (commercial and domestic), needs greater inputs of energy.

1. We can do our bit by using public transport systems instead of individual vehicles.
2. Switching off electricity when not in use.
3. Using power saving devices or using non-conventional sources of energy such as solar energy, wind energy etc.
4. Checking the power equipments regularly can help in saving of energy.

જવાબ : Minerals generally occur in the following forms:

1. Veins and lodes. In igneous and metamorphic rocks minerals may occur in the cracks, faults or joints by getting solidified in them. The smaller occurrences are called veins and the larger lodes, eg., metallic minerals like tin, copper, zinc and lead etc. are found in lodes and veins.
2. In sedimentary rocks minerals occur in beds or layers. They are formed as a result of deposition, accumulation and concentration in horizontal strata. Some sedimentary minerals are formed as a result of evaporation, especially in arid regions eg., gypsum, potash and salt.
3. Another mode of formation involves decomposition of surface rocks and the removal of soluble contents, leaving a residual mass of weathered material containing ores. Bauxite is formed this way.
4. Placer deposits. Certain minerals occur as alluvial deposits in sands of valley floors and the base of hills, eg., gold, silver, tin and platinum. These are called placer deposits and contain minerals which are not corroded by water.
5. Ocean waters contain vast quantities of minerals, eg., common salt, magnesium and bromide are largely derived from the ocean waters. The ocean beds are rich in manganese nodules.

જવાબ :

1. The growing consumption of energy has resulted in India becoming increasingly dependent on fossil fuels such as coal, oil and gas which are found in limited quantity on the earth. So there is an urgent need to use sustainable energy resources like solar, water, wind etc.
2. Rising prices of oil and gas and their potential shortages have raised uncertainties about the security of energy supply in future, which in turn has serious repercussions on the growth of the national economy.
3. Increasing use of fossil fuels also causes serious environmental degradation like air pollution, water pollution etc.
4. Renewable sources of energy are pollution free and do not cause harm to ozone, therefore they are eco-friendly.

જવાબ : Reasons:

• Energy is the basic requirement for economic development.
• Every sector of national economy—agriculture, industry, transport and commerce needs greater inputs of energy.
• In the domestic sector also, energy demands, in the form of electricity, are growing because of increasing use of electric gadgets and appliances.
• The economic development plans implemented since independence necessarily required increasing amounts of energy.
• Because of all these, per capita consumption of energy is continuously increasing.

જવાબ : Conservation of minerals is necessary because of the following reasons:

1. The formation of minerals takes a long geological period of millions of years.
2. They are finite, i.e., limited in nature.
3. Many of them are non-renewable and exhaustible.
4. The rate of replenishment of minerals is infinitely small in comparison to rate of consumption.
5. They have to be preserved for our future generations because they are very important for industrial development of the nation.

1. We should use minerals in a planned and sustainable manner.
2. Improved technologies need to be evolved to allow use of low grade ores at low cost.
3. Recycling of metals should be done.
4. Using scrap metals and other substitutes should be promoted.
5. Wastages in mining, processing and distribution should be minimized.
6. Controlled export of minerals should be undertaken.

જવાબ : Two broad measures to develop a sustainable path of energy development are:

1. We have to adopt a cautious approach for the judicious use of our limited energy resources. So conservation of energy should be done at all levels.
2. Increased use of renewable energy resources, e.g., solar energy, hydel power, etc.
   Concerned citizens can help conserve energy in the following ways:
   • Using more of public transport system instead of individual vehicles.
   • Switching off electricity when not in use.
   • Using power saving devices.
   • Using non-conventional sources of energy such as solar energy, wind energy etc.
   • Getting the power equipment regularly checked to detect damages and leakages.

જવાબ : Importance of Petroleum in India:

1. It is the second most important energy source of India after coal. It can be easily transported by pipelines and does not leave any residue. This property of petroleum gives it an added advantage in its use over other fuels.
2. It provides fuel for heat and light.
3. It provides lubricants for machinery.
4. It provides raw material for a number of manufacturing industries.
5. It is an important fuel used in transportation sector.
6. Petroleum refineries act as a ‘nodal industry’ for synthetic textiles, fertilizers and many chemical industries.

1. Most of the petroleum occurrences in India are associated with anticlines and fault traps in the rock formations of the tertiary age.
2. In regions of folding anticlines it occurs where oil is trapped in the crest of the upfold. The oil bearing layer is porous limestone or sandstone through which oil may flow.
3. Petroleum is also found in fault traps between porous and non-porous rocks.

જવાબ : Energy saved is energy produced. We cannot keep on producing non-renewable resources like petrol, diesel and electricity. So the need of the hour is the better utilization of existing resources. Energy depletion has become a global phenomenon at present time. The biggest problem that man has to face in near future is the energy crisis.

1. We should try and use more and more public transport system instead of private vehicles.
2. Electronic devices must be switched off when not in use.
3. Reducing the consumption of non-renewable sources of energy.
4. Solar Power should be used to the maximum to generate electricity.
5. Recycling of goods and commodities can also help to conserve energy

જવાબ :

જવાબ : Ferrous minerals:

1. Ferrous minerals account for about three fourths of the total value of the production of metallic minerals.
2. They provide a strong base for the development of metallurgical industries.
3. India exports substantial quantities of ferrous minerals to Japan and South Korea after meeting her internal demands.

1. India’s reserves and production of non-ferrous minerals is not very satisfactory.
2. Non-ferrous minerals include copper, bauxite, lead, zinc and gold.
3. They provide a strong base for the development of metallurgical, engineering and electrical industries.
4. Non-ferrous minerals like copper and bauxite are mainly found in Madhya Pradesh and Odisha respectively.

જવાબ :

1-C, 2-A, 3-B

જવાબ :

1-B, 2-C, 3-A

જવાબ :

1-B, 2-C, 3-D, 4-A

જવાબ :

1-D, 2-C, 3-B, 4-A

જવાબ :

1-D, 2-C, 3-A, 4-B

જવાબ :

1-B, 2-C, 3-A

જવાબ :

1-A, 2-C, 3-B

જવાબ :

1-B, 2-C, 3-D, 4-A

જવાબ :

1-B, 2-D, 3-A, 4-C

જવાબ :

1-C, 2-A, 3-B, 4-D