CBSE Solutions for Class 10 English

જવાબ : Due to insensitivity to our environment.

જવાબ : Blue sheep, Asiatic elephant, Gangetic dolphin (Any One)

જવાબ : Black buck, crocodile, Indian wild ass, Indian rhino, lion tailed macaque, sangai (Any One)

જવાબ : International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN)

જવાબ : 26,200 sq. km.

જવાબ : Biodiversity is the variety of all living things, plants, animals and microorganisms living on the earth that are dependent on one other.

જવાબ : Reserved and protected forests are referred to as the Permanent Forest Estates maintained for the purpose of producing timber and other forest produce.
Madhya Pradesh has the largest area under permanent forests, constituting 75% of its total forest area.

જવાબ : The forests in India are owned and managed by the Government through the Forest Department.
They are classified under the following categories:

1. Reserved Forests
2. Protected Forests
3. Unclassed Forests

જવાબ : Five steps that have been taken to protect the wildlife in India:

1. Under the Indian Wildlife Protection Act 1972, an All India list of protected species was published. The thrust was on protecting the remaining population of certain endangered species by –
   • banning hunting,
   • giving legal protection to their habitats and
   • restricting trade in wildlife.

1000. wildlife sanctuaries have been developed and National Parks have been set up.
1000. projects have been started for protecting specific animals which were gravely threatened, eg. Project Tiger, One-horned Rhino, the Kashmir Stag (hangul), three types of crocodiles —the fresh water, salt-water and Gharials, the Asiatic Lion, etc.
1000. recently, some animals have been given full or partial legal protection against hunting and trading throughout India, eg., Indian elephant, black buck, great Indian bustard and the snow leopard, etc.

જવાબ :

1. An All India list of protected species was published.
2. The thrust was on protecting the remaining population of certain endangered species by-
   • banning hunting;
   • giving legal protection to their habitats and
   • restricting trade in wildlife.

જવાબ : Conservation of biodiversity is necessary because it:

1. Preserves the ecological diversity.
2. Preserves our life support systems, i.e., water, air and soil.
3. Preserves the genetic diversity of plants and animals for better growth and breeding of species.
4. Fisheries too are heavily dependent on the maintenance of aquatic biodiversity.

જવાબ : Such losses have:

1. Increasingly marginalised and impoverished many forest dependent communities.
2. Among the poor, women are affected more than men, for women bear the major responsibility of basic subsistence needs. With the depletion of these resources, the drudgery of women increased for they had to walk for more than 10 km to collect these resources which, in turn, affected their health and negligence of home and children.
3. The indirect impact of degradation, eg. drought or floods etc. also hits the poor the hardest.
4. Poverty is a direct outcome of environmental destruction.

જવાબ :

1. Unequal access to resources.
2. Inequitable consumption of resources.
3. Differential sharing of responsibility for environmental well being.
4. Over-population.

જવાબ :

1. Habitat destruction
2. Over-exploitation
3. Environmental pollution
4. Forest fires
5. Hunting and Poaching
6. Poisoning

જવાબ : Adverse effects of dolomite mining in the Buxar Tiger Reserve:

1. It has caused ecological damage.
2. It has blocked the migration route of several species.
3. It has disturbed the natural habitat of many species.

જવાબ :

1. Deforestation for agricultural purposes.
2. Shifting cultivation which is still practised in substantial parts of tribal belts.
3. Large-scale development of river valley projects.
4. Mining activities have also resulted in deforestation. For example, the tiger reserve in West Bengal is seriously threatened by the ongoing dolomite mining.
5. Environmental pollution and forest fires have also led to depletion of forests.

જવાબ : The resources are: wood, rubber, medicines and dyes.

જવાબ :

1. Normal species
   Species, whose population levels are considered to be normal for their survival.
2. Endangered species
   Species, which are in danger of extinction because their population is declining. For example, Black buck, Indian rhino, lion-tailed macaque and Indian wild ass.
3. Vulnerable resources
   These are the species whose population has declined so much that they are likely to move into endangered category in the near future, if negative factors continue to operate. For example, Blue sheep, Asiatic elephant, Gangetic dolphin.
4. Rare species
   Species with small population. If care is not taken they may also become endangered species. For example, Himalayan Brown bear, desert fox, wild Asiatic buffalo, hornbill.
5. Endemic species
   Species which are only found in particular areas usually isolated by natural or geographical barriers. For example, Andaman teal, Nicobar pigeon, Andaman wild pig.
6. Extinct species
   These are species which are not found after searches of known or likely areas where they may occur, i.e., the species which were existing earlier, but are not seen today.

જવાબ : Animals and plants on the verge of extinction:
Four animals: Cheetah, pink-headed duck, mountain quail, forest spotted owlet.
Two plants:

1. Wild mahua (madhuca insignis)
2. hubbardia heptaneuron (a species of grass).

જવાબ : River plains

જવાબ : landslide

જવાબ : Desertification

જવાબ : Counter ploughing

જવાબ : mountain

જવાબ : Tamil Nadu

જવાબ : industrial affluents

જવાબ : 6000

જવાબ : thick forests

જવાબ : water logging

જવાબ : Dolphins

જવાબ : Ecosystem

જવાબ : Biosphere

જવાબ : Water Cycle

જવાબ : 1200 litres

જવાબ : Mulching

જવાબ : Rock Dam

જવાબ : Mulching

જવાબ : soil depletion

જવાબ : top soil

જવાબ : 100s of year

જવાબ : Uttrakhand

જવાબ : Landslides

જવાબ : organic materials & rocks

જવાબ : Weathering

જવાબ : landforms

જવાબ : Desertification

જવાબ : Land for common usage

જવાબ : Individuals

જવાબ : 30

જવાબ : Joint Forest Management Programme involves local communities in the management and restoration of degraded forests. It was first started in Orissa in 1988.
Two characteristics: It depends on—

1. the formation of local (village) institutions that undertake protection activities mostly on degraded forest land managed by the Forest Department and
2. the local communities also work towards restoration of such degraded forests.

1. The members of these communities are entitled to intermediary benefits like non-timber forest products.
2. They are also entitled to share in the timber harvested by ‘successful protection’.

જવાબ : Farmers and Citizens’ groups like the Beej Bachao Andolan in Tehri and Navdanya have shown that adequate levels of diversified crop production without the use of synthetic chemicals are possible and economically viable.

જવાબ : Three examples of community participation:

1. In ‘Sariska Tiger Reserve’, Rajasthan, villagers have fought against mining by citing the Wildlife Protection Act. In many areas, villagers themselves, are protecting habitats and explicitly rejecting Government involvement.
2. The inhabitants of five villages in the Alwar District of Rajasthan have declared 1200 hectares of forest as the ‘Bhairodev Dakav Sonchuri’, declaring their own set of rules and regulations, which do not allow hunting, and are protecting the wildlife against any outside encroachments.
3. The famous Chipko Movement in the Himalayas has successfully resisted deforestation and has also shown that community afforestation with indigenous species can be a great success.

જવાબ : Unclassed forests are the other forests and waste lands belonging to both Government and private individuals as well as local communities.
Two areas with high percentage of unclassed forests are: North-Eastern states and parts of Gujarat.

જવાબ : Five states having large percentages of reserved forests are: Jammu and Kashmir, Andhra Pradesh, Uttrakhand, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal and Maharashtra.
Protected Forests: Bihar, Haryana, Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Orissa and Rajasthan.

જવાબ : Difference between Reserved and Protected forests

જવાબ : Reserved and protected forests are referred to as the Permanent Forest Estates maintained for the purpose of producing timber and other forest produce.
Madhya Pradesh has the largest area under permanent forests, constituting 75% of its total forest area.

જવાબ : The forests in India are owned and managed by the Government through the Forest Department.
They are classified under the following categories:

1. Reserved Forests
2. Protected Forests
3. Unclassed Forests

જવાબ : Five steps that have been taken to protect the wildlife in India:

1. Under the Indian Wildlife Protection Act 1972, an All India list of protected species was published. The thrust was on protecting the remaining population of certain endangered species by –
   • banning hunting,
   • giving legal protection to their habitats and
   • restricting trade in wildlife.

1000. wildlife sanctuaries have been developed and National Parks have been set up.
1000. projects have been started for protecting specific animals which were gravely threatened, eg. Project Tiger, One-horned Rhino, the Kashmir Stag (hangul), three types of crocodiles —the fresh water, salt-water and Gharials, the Asiatic Lion, etc.
1000. recently, some animals have been given full or partial legal protection against hunting and trading throughout India, eg., Indian elephant, black buck, great Indian bustard and the snow leopard, etc.

5617031713. up of biosphere reserves for conserving flora and fauna in their natural surroundings and protection of wetland ecosystems is another step taken in this direction.

જવાબ :

1. An All India list of protected species was published.
2. The thrust was on protecting the remaining population of certain endangered species by-
   • banning hunting;
   • giving legal protection to their habitats and
   • restricting trade in wildlife.

જવાબ : • To protect flora and fauna, the Indian wildlife protection Act was implemented in 1972, with various provisions for protecting habitats.
• An all–India list of protected species was also published. The main aim of the program was towards protecting the remaining population of certain endangered species by banning hunting, giving legal protection to their habitats and restricting trade in wildlife.
• Central and many stage governments established national parks and wildlife sanctuaries.
• The central government announced several projects for protecting specific animals, which were gravely threatened, including the tiger, the one horned rhinoceros, the Kashmir stag etc.
• Most recently, the Indian elephant, black buck, the great Indian bustard and the snow leopard, etc. have been full or partial legal protection against hunting and trade throughout India.

જવાબ : • In Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan, villagers have fought against mining and destruction of forest by citing the Wildlife Protection Act.
• The inhabitants of five villages in the Alwar district of Rajasthan have declared 1,200 hectares of forest as the Bhairodev Dakav ‘Sonchuri’, declaring their own set of rules and regulations which do not allow hunting, and are protecting the wildlife against any outside encroachments.
• The Bishnois of Rajasthan are well known for protecting black bucks (chinkara) an endangered species, and herds of black buck, nilgai and peacocks can be seen as an integral part of the community and nobody harms them.
• The famous Chipko Movement in the Himalayas led by local communities, especially women, successfully resisted deforestation in several areas.
• Joint forest management (JFM) is a programme which involves local communities in the management and restoration of degraded forests.

જવાબ : The Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act was implemented in 1972, with various provisions for protecting habitats.
• An all-India list of protected species was also published.
• The main focus was on protecting the remaining population of certain endangered species by banning hunting, giving legal protection to their habitats, and restricting trade in wildlife.
• Central and many state governments established national parks and wildlife sanctuaries.
• The central government also announced several projects for protecting specific animals, which were seriously threatened such as tiger, one-horned rhinoceros etc. (Any three)

જવાબ : Endangered species:
• These are species which are in danger of extinction.
• The survival of such species is difficult if the negative factors that have led to a decline in their population continue to operate.
• Examples are black buck, crocodile, Indian wild ass, Indian rhino
Extinct:
• These are species which are not found after searches of known or likely areas where they may occur.
• A species may be extinct from a local area, region, country, continent or the entire earth. As, these species are finished, so they cannot be revived.
• Example – Asiatic cheetah, Pink-head duck.

જવાબ : Biological diversity means the variety of all living things, plants, animals and microorganisms living on the earth that are dependent on one other.
It is important for human lives because:
• Human beings depend on biodiversity for their very survival.
• The plants, animals and micro-organisms re-create the quality of air, water and soil which human use for their survival.

જવાબ : Forests are classified under the three categories:
• Reserved Forests: More than half of the total forests are declared as Reserved forests. They are maintained for the production of timber and other forest produce and for protective reasons.
• Protected Forests: Almost one-third of the total forest area is Protected forests. This forest land is protected from any further depletion.
• Unclassed Forests: These are other forests and wastelands belonging to both government and private individuals and communities.

જવાબ : • Large-scale development projects need lands in large number to be implemented which result in the clearing of forests in that area.
• Since 1951, over 5,000 sq km of forest was cleared for river valley projects.
• Clearing of forests is still continuing with projects like the Narmada Sagar Project in Madhya Pradesh, which would inundate 40,000 hectares of forest.

જવાબ : • The Indian wildlife Protection Act was implemented in 1972 with aim to protect wild life.
• Government established national parks, Biosphere reserves and Wildlife Sanctuaries.
• The central government announced several projects for protecting specific animals such as Project Tiger.

જવાબ : • Forests play a key role in the ecological system as these are the primary producers on which all other living beings depend.
• It supports diverse flora and fauna which are part of our life.
• It provide us fruits, flowers, medicine, wood etc.

જવાબ : Three measures to conserve ecosystem are the following:
(i) Afforestation should be encouraged in the areas where deforestation takes place.
(ii) Awareness should be created among people about the importance of natural vegetation and wildlife.
(iii) Using non-conventional sources of energy such as solar, wind and tidal energy.

જવાબ :

1-C, 2-A, 3-B

જવાબ :

1-C, 2-A, 3-B, 4-D

જવાબ :

1-B, 2-D, 3-A, 4-C

જવાબ :

1-B, 2-C, 3-D, 4-A

જવાબ :

1-A, 2-C, 3-B

જવાબ :

1-B, 2-C, 3-A

જવાબ :

1-D, 2-C, 3-A, 4-B

જવાબ :

1-D, 2-C, 3-B, 4-A

જવાબ :

1-B, 2-C, 3-D, 4-A

જવાબ :

1-B, 2-C, 3-A