CBSE Solutions for Class 10 English

જવાબ : Bhagirathi

જવાબ : Sutlej

જવાબ : Mahanadi

જવાબ : Krishna
 

જવાબ : Narmada

જવાબ : Narmada

જવાબ : Cheruthoni

જવાબ : Kaveri
 

જવાબ : Kaveri

જવાબ : Banas

જવાબ : Barakar

જવાબ : Koyna

જવાબ : Tungabhadra

જવાબ : Rihand

જવાબ : Bhavani

જવાબ : Uttarakhand

જવાબ : Punjab-Himachal Pradesh Border

જવાબ : Odisha

જવાબ : Telangana

જવાબ : Gujarat

જવાબ : Kerala

જવાબ : Madhya Pradesh

જવાબ : Karnataka

જવાબ : Tamil Nadu

જવાબ : Rajasthan

જવાબ : Maharashtra

જવાબ : Jharkhand

જવાબ : Uttar Pradesh

જવાબ : Karnataka

જવાબ : Tamil Nadu

જવાબ : Mettur dam has been built the Kaveri.
Name the state of the Dams

જવાબ : The Nagarjunsagar Dam is built on the Krishna.

જવાબ : Sardar Sarovar dam is built on the Narmada.

જવાબ : The traditional system of rainwater harvesting is to build underground tanks or
tankas for storing drinking water. This system is mainly practised in the arid and semi-arid regions of Rajasthan.

જવાબ : The Nagarjunsagar Dam is built on the Krishna.

જવાબ : Rainwater harvesting is needed to provide it for agriculture, collect drinking water, irrigate the fields and to moisten the soil.

જવાબ : •     Construction of tanks so as to store the rainwater
•    Collection of excess rainwater in the dugwell

જવાબ : The main purpose of launching multi-purpose projects after independence was that they would integrate development of agriculture with rapid industrialization.

જવાબ : Water cycle continues through the steps of evaporation, condensation and Precipitation. Thus, it become a renewable resources.

જવાબ : Qualitative scarcity of water means bad Quality of water due to industrial waste and impurities due to chemical fertilizers and pesticides used in agriculture which makes water hazardous for human use.

જવાબ : Jawaharlal Nehru proclaimed the dams as the “temples of modern India” because:
• It would integrate development of agriculture and the village economy.
• Provide hydroelectricity for houses and industries.
• They eliminate or reduce flooding.

જવાબ : Four main objectives of multipurpose river valley projects are-
• For irrigational activities.
• To generate hydroelectricity.
• To control flood.
• For recreation
Two multipurpose projects are Bhakhra nagal project and Hirakud project.

જવાબ : A dam is a barrier across flowing water.

જવાબ : River Mahanadi.

જવાબ : River Satluj.

જવાબ : Damodar River.

જવાબ : Sardar Sarovar Dam2.

જવાબ : Narmada Bachao Andolan and Tehri Dam Andolan.

જવાબ : Jawaharlal Nehru.

જવાબ : 96.5%

જવાબ : Water gets polluted by:

1. Domestic wastes, especially urban sewers.
2. Industrial wastes are disposed off in the water without proper treatment.
3. Chemical effluents from industries and from agricultural sector.
4. Pesticides and fertilisers used in agriculture may get washed into rivers by rain-water and may pollute the water by enriching it with minerals.
5. Many human activities, e.g., religious rituals and immersing of idols, etc. in the water also pollute water.

જવાબ : Narmada Bachao Andolan or Save Narmada Movement is an NGO (Non-Governmental Organisation) that mobilised tribal people, farmers, environmentalists and human rights activists against the Sardar Sarovar Dam being built across the Narmada river in Gujarat.

• The movement originally focussed on environmental issues related to submerging of trees under the dam water.
• Recently its aim has been to enable the displaced poor people to get full rehabilitation facilities from the government.

જવાબ :

1. In modem times, rainwater harvesting is done in both rural and urban areas to recharge the groundwater by capturing and storing rainwater by constructing structures, e.g., dugwells, percolation pits, digging trenches around fields, etc.
2. Rooftop rainwater harvesting structures are a common practice in many cities. Rain-water is collected using a PVC pipe and is filtered using sand and bricks.
3. This water can be stored to meet the household needs through storage in tanks. This water is readily available for immediate usage.
4. Excess water or a pipe can be connected to an underground reservoir which may recharge the ground-water through hand-pump or through abandoned dugwell. Later, this water can be drawn for varied uses.
5. Storage tanks/reservoirs are built to store rainwater which is later used for irrigation purposes.

જવાબ : ‘Rooftop rainwater harvesting’ was commonly practiced to store drinking water, especially in semi-arid and arid regions like Bikaner, Phalodi and Barmer in Rajasthan.

1. In semi-arid and arid regions, all the houses had underground tankas or ‘tankas’ for storing drinking water built inside the house. They were the part of the well-developed rooftop rainwater harvesting system.
2. The tankas could be as large as a big room. One household in Phalodi had a tank that was 6.1 metres deep, 4.27 metres long and 2.44 metres wide.
3. The tankas were built inside the main house or the courtyard.
4. The tanks were connected to the sloping roofs of the houses through a pipe. The falling rain would travel down the pipes and get stored in the underground ‘tankas’. The first spell of rain would not be collected as it cleaned the roof and pipes. The rainwater from subsequent showers was collected.
5. Many houses constructed underground rooms adjoining the tanka to beat the summer heat as it would keep the room cool.

જવાબ : In ancient India, people developed wide-ranging techniques to harvest rainwater.

1. In mountainous areas ‘Guls’ and ‘Kuls’ the diversion channels were built for agriculture.
2. ‘Rooftop rainwater harvesting’ was commonly practised to store drinking water, especially in Rajasthan.
3. Inundation channels for irrigation were developed in the flood plains of West Bengal.
4. In arid and semi-arid regions, agricultural fields were converted into rainfed storage structures, eg. ‘Khadins’ in Jaisalmer and ‘Johads’ in other parts of Rajasthan.
5. In semi-arid and arid regions of Rajasthan, particularly in Bikaner, Phalodi and Barmer, all the houses had underground tanks or ‘tankas’ built inside the house for storing drinking water. They were a part of the well-developed rooftop rainwater harvesting system.

જવાબ : Krishna-Godavari dispute. The Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh Governments objected to the diversion of more water at Koyna by the Maharashtra government for a multipurpose project as this results in reduction of downstream flow to Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh adversely affecting agriculture and industry in these States.

જવાબ :

1. Hirakud Project is situated on river Mahanadi in Orissa, and
2. Bhakra Nangal Project is situated on river Sutlej.

જવાબ : 22 per cent of the total electricity produced is from hydro-electric power.

જવાબ : Advantages:

1. They bring water to those areas which suffer from water scarcity and also provide water for irrigation.
2. These projects generate electricity for industries and our homes.
3. They help in controlling floods by regulating the water flow.
4. These projects can be used for recreation, inland navigation and fish breeding.

1. They have failed to achieve the purpose for which they were built.
2. The dams that were constructed to control floods have triggered floods due to sedimentation in the reservoir.
3. The big dams have mostly been unsuccessful in controlling floods at the time of excessive rainfall.
4. These floods cause extensive soil erosion in addition to loss of life and property.
5. Sedimentation deprives the flood plains of silt, a natural fertiliser.
6. It was observed that these projects induced earthquakes.
7. Floods cause water-borne diseases and pests.
8. Results in pollution also.
9. These river valley projects lead to large scale displacement of people and loss livelihoods.

જવાબ : Problems faced by local communities due to the construction of large dams:

1. Dams have resulted in large-scale displacement of local communities.
2. Local people have to give up their land and livelihood.
3. Local people do not benefit from such projects as they are even deprived of the local resources on which they have little control.
4. Many settlements and agricultural lands are submerged under water.

જવાબ :

1. Local people, especially the landless people, did not gain from these projects.
2. It led to displacement of people which deprived the people of their land and livelihood.
3. It has increased the social gap between the richer landowners and the landless poor.
4. Dams created conflicts between people wanting different uses and benefits from the same water resources.
5. Inter-state water disputes are also becoming common with regard to sharing the costs and benefits of the multipurpose projects.

જવાબ : Resistance to these projects came from social movements, e.g.,

1. ‘Narmada Bachao Andolan’ and
2. ‘Tehri Dam Andolan’.
   Their major concerns were as follows:
   • Initially the environmental concerns were of utmost importance.
   • Dams have resulted in large-scale displacement of local communities.

50. people have to give up their land and livelihood.
50. people do not benefit from such projects as they are even deprived of the local sources on which they have little control.

1000. settlements and agricultural lands are submerged under water.

42587014273686680000. of the displaced persons is now the prime concern of these movements.

જવાબ : 1.    Damming of rivers affects their natural flow causing poor sediment flow.
2.    Excessive sedimentation at the bottom of the reservoir.
3.    Lack of sediments results in
•    rockier stream bed and
•    poorer habitat for the river’s aquatic life.
    

જવાબ : Jawahar Lai Nehru proclaimed that multipurpose projects are ‘The Temples of Modern India’, because they were thought of as the vehicle that would lead the nation to development and progress. He believed that these projects with their integrated water resource management approach would integrate development of agriculture and the village economy with rapid industrialisation and growth of the urban economy.

1. They bring water to those areas which suffer from water scarcity and also provide water for irrigation.
2. These projects generate electricity for industries and our homes.
3. They help in controlling floods by regulating the water flow.
4. These projects can be used for recreation, inland navigation and fish breeding.

જવાબ : Traditionally dams were built to impound rivers and rainwater that could be used later to irrigate the agricultural fields.

જવાબ : A dam is a barrier across flowing water that obstructs, directs or retards the flow, creating a reservoir, lake or impoundment.
A dam is the reservoir and not the whole structure.
Functioning:
Most dams have a section called spillway or weir over which or through which, water will flow intermittently or continuously.
Classification:
Dams are classified according to structure, intended purpose or height.

• According to structure and materials used, they are classified as timber dams, embankment dams or masonry dams.
• According to height, they are classified as large and major dams, low dams, medium height dams and high dams.

જવાબ : Archaeological and historical records show that from ancient times India has been constructing sophisticated hydraulic structures like dams, reservoirs, embankments and canals for irrigation.

1. For example, in the first century B.C., Allahabad had sophisticated water harvesting system channelling the flood water of the river Ganga.
2. During the time of Chandragupta Maurya, dams, lakes and irrigation systems were extensively built.
3. Sophisticated irrigation works have been found in Kalinga in Odisha, Nagarjunakonda in Andhra Pradesh, Bennur in Karnataka and Kolhapur in Maharashtra.
4. Bhopal lake, built in the 11th century, was one of the largest artificial lakes of its time.
5. In the 14th century, Iltutmish constructed a tank in Hauz Khas, Delhi for supplying water in Siri Fort area.

જવાબ : The different types of hydraulic structures were:

• Dams built of stone rubble e.g., during Chandragupta Maurya’s time, dams, lakes and irrigation systems were extensively built.
• Reservoirs or lakes like the Bhopal lake of the 11th century which was one of the largest artificial lakes of its time.
• Embankments and canals for irrigation. Sophisticated irrigation works have been found in Kalinga (Orissa), Kolhapur (Maharashtra), Nagarjunakonda (Andhra Pradesh) etc.
• Many tanks were built to store rainwater e.g., the tank in Huaz Khas in Delhi was built in 14th century to supply water to Siri Fort area.

જવાબ : Measures for water conservation:

1. Do not overdraw the ground water, recharge the ground water by techniques like rainwater harvesting.
2. Avoid wastage of water at all levels.
3. Do not pollute the water.
4. Increasing the water resources by tapping the rainwater in reservoirs, watershed development programmes, etc.
5. Adopting water conserving techniques of irrigation, e.g., drip irrigation and sprinklers etc., especially in dry areas. Sufficient water percolation facilities should be increased to help in raising the level of the water table.

જવાબ :

1. Our water resources are limited and our requirements are increasing day by day. The water resources are unevenly distributed.
2. Most of our resources especially in the cities and urban areas are polluted and unsuitable for drinking and other purposes.
3. To safeguard ourselves from health hazards.
4. We need to conserve water for the continuation of our livelihoods and to prevent degradation of our natural ecosystem. To ensure food security and for continuation of our livelihoods.
5. For productive activities of the nation.
6. To prevent degradation of our natural ecosystem.

જવાબ :

1-C, 2-A, 3-B

જવાબ :

1-C, 2-A, 3-B, 4-D

જવાબ :

1-B, 2-C, 3-A

જવાબ :

1-B, 2-C, 3-D, 4-A

જવાબ :

1-D, 2-C, 3-B, 4-A

જવાબ :

1-D, 2-C, 3-A, 4-B

જવાબ :

1-B, 2-C, 3-A

જવાબ :

1-A, 2-C, 3-B

જવાબ :

1-B, 2-C, 3-D, 4-A

જવાબ :

1-B, 2-D, 3-A, 4-C